Example1  Here is the flowchart for going to the market to purchase a pen.

What is an Algorithm:  An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure or set of rules to solve a specific problem. It is like a recipe that tells a computer (or person) exactly what to do in a structured manner.

Characteristics of a Good Algorithm

1. Well-Defined Inputs & Outputs – Takes input and produces a clear output.
2. Definiteness – Each step must be clear and unambiguous.
3. Finiteness – Must complete in a finite number of steps.
4. Effectiveness – Each step must be simple enough to be executed.
5. Independence – Should be language-independent, meaning it can be implemented in any programming language.

   Example:     Algorithm for Exchanging Values of Two Variables

   Step 1: Start
   Step 2: Input two variables, say A and B
   Step 3: Store the value of A in a temporary variable T
   Step 4: Assign the value of B to A
   Step 5: Assign the value of T (old value of A) to B
   Step 6: Print the new values of A and B
   Step 7: End

Example of above Algorithm with Two Value