Components of IOT

The IoT relies on several key Components –

(1) Sensor   (2) Actuators    (3) Connectivity   (4) Processor   (5) User Interface

1. Sensors: These detect physical changes (like temperature, light, motion) and convert them into data for analysis.
2. Actuators :They act on the received instructions to perform physical tasks, like turning on a motor or locking a door.
3. Connectivity: Enables devices to communicate with each other and the internet through protocols like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or cellular networks.
4. Processor/Microcontroller: Processes the data collected by sensors and decides how to respond. Acts as the brain of the IoT system.
5. User Interface: Allows users to interact with the IoT system, such as through apps or dashboards.

Building block of IOT

Iot architecture shows the block of Iot system and how they are connected to collect, store and process data, it also contains device and user management components to provide stable and secure functioning of the things and control user access issues. There are four types of building Block of Iot–
1. Sensor
2. Processor
3. Gateway
4. Application

1. Sensor–

Sensor is a device that detects external information in analog format and converts it into digital format and then sends it for further processing. Example– Light sensor, motion sensor , heat sensor etc.

2. Processor–

Processor is the brain of the IOT system. it is responsible for task execution. Data captured by the sensor in analog and processed by the processor extract the valuable data from a large amount of data and send it further processing.

3. Gateway–

Gateway is used for connecting Iot devices to a network, server, and cloud. Note-Gateway is also known as protocol converter as it connects two different types of network. (Protocol- Set of rules and regulations )

4. Application–

Applications are used for delivering services to the user as it can monitor or control the whole IoT device.