Introduction to internet & www

M1-R5.1 & CCC · Chapter 6: Introduction to Internet and WWW · 4 min read

Internet

  • The Internet is an interconnection between severed computers of different types belonging to various networks across the world.
  • “It is a network of networks” Million of people use the internet to search and share information and ideas etc.
  • The computers on the internet communicate with each other using the Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol (TCP/IP).
  • Father of the internet is Vint Cerf.
  •  The first internet  started as a United State America(USA) government project in the  year 1969 called the ARPANET (Advanced research Projects Agency network) built by a division of the Department of Defense.
  • In the late 70's the NSFNET, the National Science Foundation Network was developed.
  • The First publicly available internet Service in India was launched by State-owned  Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL) on  15 August 1995.

Basic Characteristics of internet: `

1)Decentralised

2) Easy for communication

3)It offers information 24 hours a day.

4) There is no limit to the number of users that can be added to it.

5) It has no geographical limitations.

Element of Internet: A simplified model of the internet is:

Client’s PC’s

Server computer

Networking

Client PC’s: There are the computers that request from servers and it required part time

maintenance.

Server computer: A server is a computer that holds files or websites. These are powerful

computers and can provide data to multiple client computers simultaneously.

Networks: These are composed of one or more servers and multiple client PC’s.

Application of internet:

• Online transaction

• Searching

• Online ticketing

• E- commerce

• Weather forecasting

• e-commerce

Introduction to WWW

  • World wide web, which is also known as a Web, is the part of the internet that contains websites and web pages.
  • WWW is a collection of web pages interconnected through hypertext which are stored in web servers and connected to local computers through the internet.
  • WWW works on Client-Server Architecture, in WWW documents written in HTML language.
  • WWW  was developed by Tim Berners Lee in (1989) Geneva Switzerland.

Note– First web browser is Mosaic (1992). Netscape Navigator(1994)

Elements of www

  • Website
  • Webpage
  • Hypertext
  • Hyperlinks

Website

  • Website is the collection of webpages , associated with a particular person, business, government school and organisation.
  • Information can be on a single page or multiple pages.
  • Websites consist of a number of webpages that help with a large amount of information. 
  • Various types of websites are available on the internet. 

Example- jobs, education etc. 

Webpages

  • A web page is an electronic document written in HTML language. 
  • It is accessible through the Internet using a browser.
  • Each webpage has a unique address called URL.
  • The first page of any website is known as the homepage. 
  • A web page is accessed by entering URL or main content text, graphic, audio video, etc. 
  • Web Page is part of any website. 

Hyperlinks

It is the web navigation element that allows users to move or navigate between web pages.

It is also used to download audio, video and other types of files.

Generally Hyperlinks are shown in blue underline that has three types-

  1. Text Hyperlink
  2. Image Hyperlink
  3. Image maps

Hypertext

A web page text that contains a hyperlink is known as hypertext.