Internet access technology & Protocol

Internet access technology

There are many different ways to obtain internet access ,including:

DSL( Digital subscriber Line): 

A modem based technology that uses existing telephone lines to transport high-bandwidth data, such as multimedia and video , to service subscribers.

* Minimum speed 25 mbps download and 3 mbps upload speed.

Dial-up: It is a technology used to connect to the internet using a standard telephone line. It works by dialling a specific phone number provided by an ISP and establishing a connection through a modem.

Leased line: A leased line is a dedicated communication channel that interconnects two or more sides. This is a service contract between costumer and the provider. Typically leased line connection runs on fibre optic.

Cable internet connection: A cable modem is a peripheral device used to connect to the internet . It operates on coaxial cable and provide high speed internet access , fast data rate and also they are considered as broadband connection.

Broadband network: 

The term broadband includes a broad range of technologies . Broadband connection is a very high speed internet access system at a speed of 256 kbps.

USB Tethering : USB tethering is an internet sharing technology from smartphones to another device such as a computer via USB cable. There are three types of tethering : USB tethering, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth tethering.

Protocol 

When computers communicate to each other , there needs to be a common set of rules and regulations that each computer follows. This set of rules are called protocol.

Types of protocol:

1) TCP( Transmission control protocol):

Transmission control protocol is a connection oriented protocol. TCP protocol divide message in to packets which are sent to the destination.

2) IP( Internet protocol): IP is a connection-less protocol . It is always used together with TCP.

3) UDP( User datagram protocol): 

UDP is a connectionless protocol . UDP does not check to see where the send segment is received by a destination. UDP is an unreliable protocol.

4) SMTP( Simple mail transfer protocol): 

This protocol is used for sending e- mail. SMTP is the application layer protocol is used for transmitting e-mail message. SMTP uses port number 25.

5) POP3 ( Post office protocol version-3): 

POP3 is an application layer protocol used for receiving electronic messages. POP3 is used by e-mail client application for downloading e-mail for server.

* POP(Post office protocol)

6) IMAP4( Internet message access protocol): IMAP4 is an alternative e-mail protocol. It is used for receiving electronic messages. IMAP4 works the same as POP3.

7) SNMP( Simple network management protocol): 

SNMP is a TCP/IP protocol of monitoring network and network components.

8) HTTP( Hyper text transfer protocol): 

HTTP is used to transfer hyper text between two or more computers. Hyper text is coded using the language called

HTML. HTTP uses port number 80.

9) FTP( File transfer protocol): FTP allows the user to transfer / receive files from one computer to another. FTP uses port number 20 and 21.

10) TELNET ( Telytype network): 

TELNET protocol is a set of rules used to connect one computer to another computer. The process of connection is called remote login. TELNET is used for remote access.

11) PPP (Point to Point protocol): 

Point to Point protocol is a data link layer communication protocol used to establish a direct connection between to

nodes.

*MIME( Multi-purpose Internet mail extension).

ARP( Address Resolution protocol)

ICMP( Internet control message protocol)

WAP ( Wireless Application protocol )

VOIP ( Voice Over Internet Protocol)