IP Address & MAC Address , IMEI , ISP

IP address: 

• The unique and universal address of a computer on the internet is called IP . 
• With the help of IP address devices can be uniquely identified from other devices . 
• IP addresses are used in the network layer of the OSI model and in router devices.
• There are two type of IP addresses:

i. IPV4 (Internet protocol version 4)

ii. IPV6 ( Internet protocol version 6)

IPV4 (Internet protocol version 4): 

• IPV4 is the most widely used version of internet protocol. 
• It is a 32 bit address of a computer on the internet . 
• IPV4 addresses are separated by dot symbol (.). 
• Every part of IPV4 is between 0 to 255. 
• There are two notations to show IPV4 addresses.

Exp: Decimal: 192.178.0.231

Binary: 0000111100001000110001000010000

IPV6( Internet protocol version 6): 

• IPV6 also called IPNG ( Internet protocol next generation). 
• It is the next planned version of the IP address system. IPV6 uses a 128 bit address, which increases the number of possible addresses. 
• It is divided into 8 parts and separated by a colon(:) symbol.

Exp: 1ABC:BCDE:56D2:DAB2:ABC2:BED2:FB5D:AB44

Difference between IPV4 and IPV6:

Classful addressing: 

IPV4 addresses use the concept of class. This architecture is called classful addressing. In this system IP address are divided into five classes: A,B,C,D and E.

Mac address: 

Every network device has two types of address, one is logical address(IP address) and the other one is called physical address that is also known as MAC address. MAC stands for media access control.

• A MAC address is a unique value associated with a network adopter. 
• It uniquely identifies a device on a LAN.
• MAC address is 12 digit hexadecimal (48 bit in size). 
• The format of a MAC address is : MM:MM:MM:SS:SS:SS .
• The first half of the MAC address contains the ID.NO. of manufacturer and the second half represents serial no. Of NIC.

Example: 00:12:0E:A6:B0:68

IMEI [International mobile equipment identity]: 

• Every mobile phone has an IMEI number that identifies your phone. 
• If your phone is stolen you can call your network provider and have them blacklist the device using its IMEI no., which should make it useless to the thief ,even if they change the SIM card.
• Number of digits in IMEI no. : 15 digit
• IMEI code display: *#06#

ISP ( Internet service provider): 

• ISP stands for internet service provider. 
• It is an individual for a company which allows you to connect to the internet .
• It provides the gateway to the internet and everything that is necessary to connect the internet . 
• Data may be transmitted through several technologies.